New Approaches to Oxirane Containing Natural Products: Stereoselective Total Synthesis of the Antitumor Agents Gummiferol and Depudecin

La comunicación presenta la síntesis total de productos naturales con actividad antitumoral caracterizados estructuralmente por la presencia de anillos de oxirano. Para ello se empleó una nueva metodología de epoxidación asimétrica basada en una nueva clase de iluros de azufre quirales. Mediante esta metodología se realizaron las síntesis de los productos naturales Gummiferol y DepudecinaUniversidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Design of materials and educational resources adapted to ETCS: project of application of the new technologies to teaching of History of the Spanish Language and its varieties

The adaptation to the new European Higher Education Area favors the assumption of the new technologies as one of the means that improve the quality of education and the process of student’s learning. The best assimilation of the theoretical and practical contents of the different subjects and the stimulus that the use of these resources for the independent learning of the student supposes, justify the attention lent to the formal aspects of the educational methodology, and to its consequent didactic process. The project that we presented finds its justification in the measures that the University of Cadiz has started up in the occasion of the process of European Convergence, and that are materialized, in this case, in the Call of Educative Innovation of the educational and investigating personnel of the European Project. Our work assumes as main target the optimization of the educational resources, from the possibilities that offer new technical means, with the creation of educational, audio-visual and computerized material, adapted to the contents of the implied subjects, and with a joint work of the teaching staff who allows the creation of a repository of computerized material that has stable character and that can be taken advantage of by the group in its later educational work. In this sense, this contribution tries to show the different lines of performance that the members of the project develop at the present time, and that takes shape in the creation of different resources as the elaboration from presentations in Power Point, the computerization of real samples of speech and the creation of a model that allows to elaborate computerized text commentaries, from hyperlinks and different linksUniversidad de Cádiz, Vicerrectorado de Tecnologías de la Información e Innovación DocenteInted2009 Proceedings C

The cyclical trend of local public service governance: evidence from urban water management in Spain

The level of public and private involvement in economic activity in societies has changed over time. One may talk about the existence of a cyclical trend in which the most important periods of public governance are replaced by periods in which private management dominates the situation. This phenomenon may also be observed in local areas. Some authors have pointed out the existence of an alternation in the provision of municipal services, resulting in periods dominated by governance compared to other stages dominated by private management. In order to illustrate this cyclical trend at local level, this paper intends to analyze the evolution of the governance of the Spanish water supply since the mid-nineteenth century to the present day. Recent evidence from the industry suggests the possibility that we may currently be witnessing a further change in the trend.: Local Government, urban water supply, privatization, municipalization

RanBP2-Mediated SUMOylation Promotes Human DNA Polymerase Lambda Nuclear Localization and DNA Repair

Cellular DNA is under constant attack by a wide variety of agents, both endogenous and exogenous. To counteract DNA damage, human cells have a large collection of DNA repair factors. Among them, DNA polymerase lambda (Polλ) stands out for its versatility, as it participates in different DNA repair and damage tolerance pathways in which gap-filling DNA synthesis is required. In this work we show that human Polλ is conjugated with Small Ubiquitin-like MOdifier (SUMO) proteins both in vitro and in vivo, with Lys27 being the main target of this covalent modification. Polλ SUMOylation takes place in the nuclear pore complex and is mediated by the E3 ligase RanBP2. This post-translational modification promotes Polλ entry into the nucleus, which is required for its recruitment to DNA lesions and stimulated by DNA damage induction. Our work represents an advance in the knowledge of molecular pathways that regulate cellular localization of human Polλ, which are essential to be able to perform its functions during repair of nuclear DNA, and that might constitute an important point for the modulation of its activity in human cells

Estudio de líneas de manipulación de fruta de hueso y cítricos con ayuda de frutos electrónicos

Se emplearon dos frutos electrónicos simulados IS-lOO de diferente tamaño (grande: 300.6 g y 8.8 cm de diámetro; pequeño: 114.7 g y 6.2 cm de diámetro) para evaluar la calidad de las operaciones de post-recolección. Con la ayuda de los frutos electrónicos IS-100 es posible detectar en qué lugar y con qué intensidad se produce un impacto, 'así como el tipo de material contra el que estos frutos están impactando. Se estudiaron cuatro líneas de manipulación en varias cooperativas (dos de fruta de hueso y dos de cítricos). En la mayoría de puntos de transferencia se registran impactos con intensidades superiores a 50 g's. Los impactos registrados en las líneas de manipulación de cítricos son mayores que los correspondientes a las líneas de fruta de hueso. Para estudiar el efecto de las líneas sobre diferentes variedades de las especies manipuladas en ellas, se diseñó un ensayo de interacción fruta-línea de manipulación, a través del cual se comparan lotes de fruta manipulados y sin manipular, cualificándose los daños atribuibles a la recolección y a la manipulación. En todos los casos estudiados, más del 50% de los frutos ya manipulados presentan algún tipo de daño. La observación de.ejstps daños al cabo de 2 días, en el caso de la fruta de hueso, y 10 días, en el caso de los cítricos, revela que estos daños evolucionan, siendo mayores y más patentes en la segunda fecha de observación

Design of Round-Nozzle Inertial Impactors Review with Updated Design Parameters

Round-nozzle inertial impactors are widely used aerosol measuring instruments to characterize the mass and chemical composition of airborne aerosol particles as a function particle aerodynamic diameter. This article summarizes the most important design considerations with updated recommended design parameters taken from our review of published research articles and discusses some of the more common non-idealities seen in the operation and performance of inertial impactors. With this information, it is now possible to design a cascade impactor with near-ideal particle separation performance, and with stage cutpoints that can be predicted with excellent accuracy and verified experimentally using state-of-the-art calibration techniques

Esterification of Free Fatty Acids with Glycerol within the Biodiesel Production Framework

Companies in the field of the collection and treatment of waste cooking oils (WCO) for subsequent biodiesel production usually have to cope with high acidity oils, which cannot be directly transformed into fatty acid methyl esters due to soap production. Since glycerine is the main byproduct of biodiesel production, these high acidity oils could be esterified with the glycerine surplus to transform the free fatty acids (FFA) into triglycerides before performing the transesterification. In this work, commercial glycerol was esterified with commercial fatty acids and commercial fatty acid/lampante olive oil mixtures over tin (II) chloride. In the first set of experiments, the esterification of linoleic acid with glycerol excess from 20 to 80% molar over the stoichiometric was performed. From 20% glycerol excess, there was no improvement in FFA reduction. Using 20% glycerol excess, the performance of a biochar obtained from heavy metal-contaminated plant roots was compared to that of SnCl2. Then, the effect of the initial FFA content was assessed using different oleic acid/lampante olive oil mixtures. The results illustrated that glycerolysis was impeded at initial FFA contents lower than 10%. Finally, the glycerolysis of a WCO with 9.94% FFA was assayed, without success

Demanda d’activitats fisicoesportives de temps lliure. Estudi comparatiu entre l’alumnat d’Ensenyament Secundari Postobligatori de segon cicle de la Universitat d’Almeria

Conèixer les demandes d’activitat física de temps lliure de l’alumnat almerienc d’Ensenyament Secundari Postobligatori (ESPO) i de segon cicle de la Universitat d’Almeria i les condicions en què li agradaria realitzar-la: modalitats, freqüència de pràctica, període de temps i forma de realització, és un dels objectius que guien aquesta investigació, és un dels objectius que pretén aquesta investigació. Igualment, es persegueix contrastar aquestes demandes entre els dos tipus d’ensenyament assenyalats per tal de disposar de dades objectives que permetin de prendre decisions encertades per a l’adequació de l’oferta. La població està formada per l’alumnat almerienc d’Ensenyament Secundari Postobligatori (ESPO) i de segon cicle de la Universitat d’Almeria. La mostra d’ESPO (curs 98/99) és de 1.375 i en segon cicle (curs 98/99) és de 878. L’error mostral assumit del ±3 % i un nivell de confiança del 95,5 %. La recollida de dades s’ha realitzat amb metodologia quantitativa mitjançant enquestes (qüestionari autoadministrat amb aplicació massiva –per aules– i presència d’aplicador). L’anàlisi de dades mitjançant tècniques quantitatives amb el programa informàtic SPSS/PC+ (V 7.52), ens permeten de presentar resultats descriptius de les diferents variables plantejades, i també inferencials. Al qüestionari se’ls demanava que indiquessin, per ordre de preferència, les modalitats d’activitats físiques i/o esportives que els agradaria fer en el temps lliure. Es presenten els resultats de l’anàlisi comparativa de la variable demanda en les dues poblacions esmentades en relació amb la freqüència, el caràcter o finalitat, el període temporal i el tipus d’oferta.

zombis, imaginarios sociales y educación. La figura del científico/docente en el cómic The Walking Dead

Producción CientíficaLas ficciones de zombis han venido mostrándose especialmente prolíficas en los últimos tiempos. Por ello queremos ver cómo se representa a la ligura del científico y del docente en una de las ficciones de zombis más populares, el cómic The Walking Dead. Para ello, nos detendremos con cierto detenimiento den la figura de Eugene para entender qué implicaciones nacen de sus acciones en la trama del cómic. Analizando con vocación hermenéutica dichas acciones, llegaremos a interpretar capa tras capa de signficado para así poder tener una idea clara de cómo se representan a los científicos (y la ciencia) y los docentes en The Walking Dead